What is chassis frame and body?
Chassis is a French term and was initially used to denote the frame parts or Basic Structure of the vehicle. It is the back bone of the vehicle. A vehicle with out body is called Chassis. The components of the vehicle like Power unit, Transmission System, Axles, Wheels and Tyre's, Suspension, Controlling Systems like Braking, Steering etc., and also electrical system parts are mounted on the Chassis frame. It is the main mounting for all the components including the body. So it is also called as Carrying Unit.
What are the different types of chassis frame used in automobile?
Following are the Four main types of Automobile chassis.
- Ladder frame chassis
- Backbone chassis
- Mono coque chassis
- Tubular chassis
What are the parts of a chassis?
The below figure illustrates the components of a automobile chassis frame and it's body. The separate frame and body type of vehicle construction is the most common technique used when producing most full size and cargo vehicles. In this type of construction, the frame and the vehicle body are made separately, and each is a complete unit by itself. The frame is designed to support the weight of the body and absorb all of the loads imposed by the terrain, suspension system, engine, drive train, and steering system, and the body merely contains and, in some cases, protects the cargo. The body generally is bolted to the frame at a few points to allow for flexible of the frame and to distribute the loads to the intended load - carrying members.
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The following main components of the Chassis are
1. Frame: it is made up of long two members called side members riveted together with the help of number of cross members.
The SIDE MEMBERS or rails are the heaviest frame. The side members are shaped to accommodate the body and support the weight. They are narrow toward the front of the vehicle to permit a shorter turning radius for the wheels and then widen under the main part of the body where the body is secured to the frame. Trucks and trailers commonly have frames with straight side members to accommodate several designs of bodies and to give the vehicle added strength to withstand heavier loads.
The CROSS MEMBERS are fixed to the side members to prevent weaving and twisting of the frame. The number, size and arrangement of the cross members depend on the type of vehicle for which the frame was designed. Usually, a front cross member supports the radiator and the front of the engines. The rear cross members furnish support for the fuel tanks and rear trunks on passenger cars and the tow bar connections for trucks. Additional cross members are added to the frame to support the rear of the engine or power train components.
The GUSSET PLATES are angular pieces of metal used for additional reinforcement on heavy duty truck frames.
2. Engine or Power plant: It provides the source of power
3. Clutch: It connects and disconnects the power from the engine fly wheel to the transmission system.
4. Gear Box
5. U Joint
6. Propeller Shaft
7. Differential
What is the function of chassis frame?
Basic function's of chassis frame and body are:
1. To carry load of the passengers or goods carried in the body.
2. To support the load of the body, engine, gear box etc.,
3. To withstand the forces caused due to the sudden braking or acceleration
4. To withstand the stresses caused due to the bad road condition.
5. To withstand centrifugal force while cornering
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